ما هو الـ Question Tag؟

• التعريف: هو سؤال قصير يضاف في نهاية الجملة.
• الاستخدام: يُستخدم للتحقق من حقيقة أو لتأكيد فكرة.
• مثال: You are from Egypt, aren't you? (أنت من مصر، أليس كذلك؟)

2. التكوين (Form)

• إذا كانت الجملة مثبتة (Affirmative): نضيف سؤالاً منفياً (Negative helping verb) + ضمير الفاعل (Subject) + علامة استفهام (؟).
• مثال: Sammy broke that window, didn't he?
• إذا كانت الجملة منفية (Negative): نضيف سؤالاً مثبتاً (Affirmative helping verb) + ضمير الفاعل (Subject) + علامة استفهام (؟).
• مثال: You don't know much about Peru, do you?

3. كيف نحدد الفعل المساعد (Helping Verb) في الجملة؟

(أ) مع الأفعال الخاصة:

• فعل الكينونة (To Be): am, is, are, was, were.
• فعل الملكية (To Have): have, has, had.
• الأفعال الناقصة (Modal Verbs): can, should, will... إلخ.
• القاعدة: نستخدم هذه الأفعال المساعدة فقط عندما نجدها في الجملة.
• مثال: He hasn't left a note, has he?

(ب) مع الأفعال العادية الأخرى:

• مثل: see – sees – go – goes – live – lives / saw – went – lived.
• القاعدة: نستخدم do / does في المضارع، و did في الماضي.
• أمثلة:
• Aly is from Egypt, isn't he?
• She can swim well, can't she?
• He lives in Cairo, doesn't he?
• They don't come late, do they?
• She did her homework, didn't she?
• You should come earlier, shouldn't you?
• They've finished their test, haven't they?

4. حالات خاصة (Special Cases)

• I am → aren't I? (مثال: I am your friend, aren't I?)
• This / That → it (مثال: This is an interesting film, isn't it?)
• There is / are → there (مثال: There isn't a subway in town, is there?)
• Let's → shall we (مثال: Let's go on a holiday, shall we?)
• الأمر المثبت (Affirmative order) → will you (مثال: Take the garbage out, will you?)
• الأمر المنفي (Negative order) → will you (مثال: Don't drop litter, will you?)
• Has (فعل ملكية) → does (مثال: She has a nice car, doesn't she?)
• Have (فعل ملكية) → do (مثال: We have a big house, don't we?)
• Had (فعل ملكية) → did (مثال: We had fun, didn't we?)
• Have to / has to / had to → do, does, did (مثال: We have to go early, don't we?)
• never (نفي) → has (not: hasn't) (مثال: She has never won a prize, has she?)
• never (نفي) → do (not: don't) (مثال: They never go to school early, do they?)
• 'd + inf. → would (مثال: She'd like to come, wouldn't she?)
• 'd + p.p. → had (مثال: She'd gone there before, hadn't she?)
• 's + ing → is (مثال: He's watching TV, isn't he?)
• 's + p.p. → has (مثال: He's watched the match, hasn't he?)
• I think → can't (حسب الجملة الرئيسية) (مثال: I think she can come, can't she?)
• will not (wrong) → won't (مثال: We will be late, won't we?)
• no one (نفي) + ضمير جمع → they (مثال: No one likes her, do they?)
• everyone (ضمير جمع) → they (مثال: Everyone liked the party, didn't they?)
• everything → it (مثال: Everything is prepared, isn't it?)
• nothing (نفي) → it (مثال: Nothing is perfect, is it?)